RBI Rules On Outward Remittance & Money Exchange ...

Disclaimer: This DD is to help start forming a market view as per RBI announcements. Also a gentle reminder that fundamentals play out over a longer time frame than intraday. The authors take no responsiblity for your yolos.
With contributions by Asli Bakchodi, Bran OP & dragononweed!
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What is the RBI?
RBI is the central bank of India. They are one of the key players who affect India’s economic trajectory. They control currency supply, banking rules and more. This means that it is not a bank in which retailers or corporates can open an account with. Instead they are a bank for bankers and the Government of India.
Their functions can be broadly classified into 6.
· Monetary authority
· Financial supervisor for financial system
· Issuer of currency
· Manages Foreign exchange
· Bankers bank
· Banker to the government
This DD will take a look at each of these functions. It will be followed by a list of rates the RBI sets, and how changes in them can affect the market.
1. Monetary Authority
One of RBI’s functions is to achieve the goal of “Price Stability” in the economy. This essentially means achieving an inflation rate that is within a desired limit.
A monetary policy committee (MPC) decides on the desired inflation rate and its limits through majority vote of its 6 members, in consultation with the GoI.
The current inflation target for RBI is as follows
Consumer Price Inflation (CPI): 4%
Upper Limit: 6%
Lower Limit: 2%
An increase in CPI means less purchasing power. Generally speaking, if inflation is too high, the public starts cutting down on spending, leading to a negative impact on the markets. And vice versa. Lower inflation leads to more purchasing power, more spending, more investments leading to a positive impact on the market.
2. Financial Supervisor For Financial System
A financial system consists of financial markets (Capital market, money market, forex market etc.), financial institutions (banks, stock exchanges, NBFC etc) & financial assets (currencies, bills, bonds etc)
RBI supervises this entire system and lays down the rules and regulations for it. It can also use further ‘Selective Credit Controls’ to regulate banks.
3. Issues of currency
The RBI is responsible for the printing of currency notes. RBI is free to print as much as it wants as long as the minimum reserve of Rs 200 Cr (Gold 112 Cr) is maintained. The RBI has total assets or a balance size sheet of Rs. 51 trillion (April 2020). (1 Trillion = 1 Lakh crore)
India’s current reserves mean our increase in currency circulation is well managed.
4. Manages Foreign Exchange
RBI regulates all of India’s foreign exchange transactions. It is the custodian of all of foreign currencies in India. It allows for the foreign exchange value of the rupee to be controlled. RBI also buy and sell rupees in the foreign exchange market at its discretion.
In case of any currency movement, a country’s central bank can directly intervene to either push the currency up, as India has been doing, or to keep it artificially low, as the Chinese central bank does. To push up a currency, a central bank can sell dollars, which is the global reserve currency, or the currency against which all others are measured. To push down a currency, a central bank can buy dollars.
The RBI deciding this depends on the import/export and financial health of the country. Generally a weaker rupee means imports are more expensive, but are favourable for exports. And a stronger rupee means imports are cheaper but are unfavourable for exports.
A weaker rupee can make foreign investment more lucrative driving up FII. A stronger rupee can have an adverse effect of FII investing in markets.
5. Banker’s Bank
Every bank has to maintain a certain amount of reserve with the RBI. A certain percentage of a bank’s liabilities (anywhere between 3-15% as decided by RBI) has to be maintained in this account. This is called the Cash Reserve Ratio. This is determined by the MPC during the monetary policy review (which happens every six weeks at present).
It lends money from this reserve to other banks if they are short on cash, but generally, it is seen as a last resort move. Banks are encouraged to meet their shortfalls of cash from other resources.
6. Banker to the government
RBI is the entity that carries out ALL monetary transactions on behalf of the Government. It holds custody of the cash balance of the Government, gives temporary loans to both central and state governments and manages the debt operations of the central Government, through instruments of debt and the interest rates associated with them - like bonds.
The different rates set & managed by RBI
- Repo rate
The rate at which RBI is willing to lend to commercial banks is called as Repo Rate.
Banks sometimes need money for emergency or to maintain the SLR and CRR (explained below). They borrow this from RBI but have to pay some interest on it. The interest that is to be paid on the amount to the RBI is called as Repo Rate.
It does not function like a normal loan but acts like a forward contract. Banks have to provide collateral like government bonds, T-bills etc. Repo means Repurchase Option is the true meaning of Repo an agreement where the bank promises to repurchase these government securities after the repo period is over.
As a tool to control inflation, RBI increases the Repo Rate making it more expensive for banks to borrow from the RBI with a view to restrict availability of money. Exact opposite stance shall be taken in case of deflationary environment.
The change of repo rate is aimed to affect the flow of money in the economy. An increase in repo rate decreases the flow of money in the economy, while the decrease in repo rate increases the flow of money in the economy. RBI by changing these rates shows its stance to the economy at large whether they prioritize growth or inflation.
- Reverse Repo Rate
The rate at which the RBI is willing to borrow from the Banks is called as Reverse Repo Rate. If the RBI increases the reverse repo rate, it means that the RBI is willing to offer lucrative interest rate to banks to park their money with the RBI. Banks in this case agree to resell government securities after reverse repo period.
Generally, an increase in reverse repo rate that banks will have a higher incentive to park their money with RBI. It decreases liquidity, affecting the market in a negative manner. Decrease in reverse repo rate increases liquidity affecting the market in a positive manner.
Both the repo rate and reverse repo rate fall under the Liquidity Adjustment Facility tools for RBI.
- Cash reserve ratio (CRR)
Banks in India are required to deposit a specific percentage of their net demand and time liabilities (NDTL) in the form of CASH with the RBI. This minimum ratio (that is the part of the total deposits to be held as cash) is stipulated by the RBI and is known as the CRR or Cash Reserve Ratio. These reserves will not be in circulation at any point in time.
For example, if a bank had a NDTL (like current Account, Savings Account and Fixed Deposits) of 100Cr and the CRR is at 3%, it would have to keep 3Cr as Cash reserve ratio to the RBI. This amount earns no interest.
Currently it is at 3%. A lower cash ratio means banks can deposit just a lower amount and use the remaining money leading to higher liquidity. This translates to more money to invest which is seen as positive for the market. Inversely, a higher cash ratio equates to lower liquidity which translates to a negative market sentiment.
Thus, the RBI uses the CRR to control excess money flow and regulate liquidity in the economy.
- Statutory liquidity ratio (SLR)
Banks in India have to keep a certain percentage of their net demand and time liabilities WITH THEMSELVES. And this can be in the form of liquid assets like gold and government securities, not just cash. A lot of banks keep them in government bonds as they give a decent interest.
The current SLR ratio of 18.25%, which means that for every Rs.100 deposited in a bank, it has to invest Rs.18.50 in any of the asset classes approved by RBI.
A low SLR means higher levels of loans to the private sector. This boosts investment and acts as a positive sentiment for the market. Conversely a high SLR means tighter levels of credit and can cause a negative effect on the market.
Essentially, the RBI uses the SLR to control ease of credit in the economy. It also ensures that the banks maintain a certain level of funds to meet depositor’s demands instead of over liquidation.
- Bank Rate
Bank rate is a rate at which the Reserve Bank of India provides the loan to commercial banks without keeping any security. There is no agreement on repurchase that will be drawn up or agreed upon with no collateral as well. This is different from repo rate as loans taken with repo rate are taken on the basis of securities. Bank rate hence is higher than the repo rate.
Currently the bank rate is 4.25%. Since bank rate is essentially a loan interest rate like repo rate, it affects the market in similar ways.
- Marginal Cost of Funds based Lending Rate (MCLR)
This is the minimum rate below which the banks are not allowed to lend. Raising this rate, makes loans more expensive, drying up liquidity, affecting the market in a negative way. Similarly, lower MCLR rates will bring in high liquidity, affecting the market in a positive way.
MCLR is a varying lending rate instead of a single rate according to the kind of loans. Currently, the MCLR rate is between 6.65% - 7.15%
- Marginal Standing facility
Marginal Standing Facility is the interest rate at which a depository institution (generally banks) lends or borrows funds with another depository institution in the overnight market. Overnight market is the part of financial market which offers the shortest term loans. These loans have to be repaid the next day.
MSF can be used by a bank after it exhausts its eligible security holdings for borrowing under other options like the Liquidity adjustment facilities.
The MSF would be a penal rate for banks and the banks can borrow funds by pledging government securities within the limits of the statutory liquidity ratio.
The current rate stands at 4.25%. The effect it has on the market is synonymous with the other lending rates such as repo rate & bank rate.
- Loan to value ratio
The loan-to-value (LTV) ratio is an assessment of lending risk that financial institutions and other lenders examine before approving a mortgage. Typically, loan assessments with high LTV ratios are considered higher risk loans.
Basically, if a companies preferred form of collateral rises in value and leads the market (growing faster than the market), then the company will see the loans that it signed with higher LTV suddenly reduce (but the interest rate remains the same).
Let’s consider an example of gold as a collateral. Consider a loan was approved with gold as collateral. The market price for gold is Rs 2000/g, and for each g, a loan of Rs 1500 was given. (The numbers are simplified for understanding). This would put LTV of the loan at 1500/2000 = 0.75. Since it is a substantial LTV, say the company priced the loan at 20% interest rate.
Now the next year, the price of gold rose to Rs 3000/kg. This would mean that the LTV of the current loan has changed to 0.5 but the company is not obligated to change the interest rate. This means that even if the company sees a lot of defaults, it is fairly protected by the unexpected surge in the underlying asset. Moreover, since the underlying asset is more valuable, default rates for the loans goes down as people are more protective of the collateral they have placed.
The same scenario for gold is happening right now and is the reason for gold backed loan providers like MUTHOOT to hit ATHs as gold is leading the economy right now. Also, these in these scenarios, it also enables companies to offer additional loan on same gold for those who are interested Instead of keeping the loan amount same most of the gold loan companies.
Based on above, we can see that as RBI changes LTV for certain assets, we are in a position to identify potential institutions that could get a good Quarterly result and try to enter it early.
Conclusion
The above rates contain the ways in the Central Bank manages the monetary policy, growth and inflation in the country.
Its impact on Stock market is often seen when these rates are changed, they act as triggers for the intraday positions on that day. But overall, the outlook is always maintained on how the RBI sees the country is doing, and knee jerk reactions are limited to intraday positions. The long term stance is always well within the limits of the outlook the big players in the market are expecting.
The important thing to keep in mind is that the problems facing the economy needn’t be uni-dimensional. Problems with inflation, growth, liquidity, currency depreciation all can come together, for which the RBI will have to play a balancing role with all it powers to change these rates and the forex reserve. So the effect on the market needs to be given more thought than simply extrapolated as ‘rates go low, markets go up’.
But understanding these individual effects of these rates allows you to start putting together the puzzle of how and where the market and the economy could go.

TLDR

• MPC vote was 5 to 1 for rate cut quantum; unanimous for concept of rate cut
• Reverse repo is 3.35%
• Repo rate is 4%
• Inflation outlook is uncertain
• FY21 GDP growth expected to be negative

Edit: The statement is at: https://rbidocs.rbi.org.in/rdocs/PressRelease/PDFs/PR239109AC3CAC0F874527895214BDF9E76BF0.PDF
Some stats

• 60% of industrial input is from states affected largely
• 36% reduction in capital goods
• 91% fall in finished steel consumption
• Durables fell 30+% in Mar
• Industrial production shrank 17% in Mar
• Manufacturing PMI was 27.4 in Apr; services PMI was 5.4 in Apr
• Agriculture went up 3+%
• Summer sowing is up by more than 30% from last year
• Expect improvement in farm income
• Partial data released by NSSO on inflation has mixed signals in inflation
• Merchands exports reduced by 60+% in Apr;
• Forex reserves up by 9% - USD 487 billion

Outlook

• Inflation outlook is uncertain
• Measures suggested to hold down food prices
• Fuel bills expected to be soft
• Headline inflation may remain in 1HFY21; and fall in 2H below 4%
• Growth outlook risk judged to be the gravest
• Fiscal, monetary and admin measures expected to help gradual revival in 2HFY21
• GDP growth in FY21 expected to be negative; more specific projections would come later
• "We may stumble and fall, but would rise once again" - Mahatma Gandhi
• Essential now to instill confidence

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Regulatory and Policy Announcements

• RBI continues to be careful; level of vigilance is quite high
• RBI has announced policy measures at many levels
• Bank transmission of rates has improved; details would be available soon in RBI website
• Measures - Market functioning, Support export and import, Debt Servicing, Help for state governments

1. SIDBI credit extended for another 90 days
2. FPI - Additional 3 months to fulfill commitment requirements
3. Export credit - Pre-shipment and post-shipment credit extended to 15 months from 12
4. EXIM Bank - New line of credit of 15,000 crore for 90 days, roll over to 1 year
5. Importer support - Outward remittances for normal imports can be done for 12 months
6. Moratorium (in 6 areas) - Term loan, default classification, etc. - Another 3 months till end Aug
7. Lending institutions are permitted to restore margins for working capital to original levels by Mar '21
8. Convert accumulated interest in WCF into a funded interest term loan - Basically deferred interest can be paid back over time and by Mar '21
9. Group exposure limit of banks increased from 25% to 30%
10. Withdrawal from Consolidated Sinking Fund (CSF) - norms relaxed to deal with redemptions in market borrowings

Conclusion

• Central banks are seen as conservative
• But they take necessary measures when needed
• Would take whatever measures are necessary
• "Would be in battle readiness" - use existing instruments and fashion new ones

​

Indian Equity Summary-
· Sensex ended higher by 1.2 percent as the bullish trend persisted for the fifth consecutive week in the domestic equity market ,on the back ofØ positive global cues and optimism over the development of Covid-19 vaccine .The focus is now turning to Q1FY21 earning season and more importantly for guidance and viewpoints of management.
· Going forward, global factors like development on the US -China relationship front , any resurgence of Covid-19 cases globally, as economiesØ have started opening up ; will continue to dictate the trend of the domestic equity market. We expect the trading range for Nifty between 10800-11200 in the near term.
Indian Debt Market-
· The bond prices fell as the yield on the latest 10-year benchmark 5.79% 2030 paper settled at 5.80% on Jul 17 compared with 5.76% on Jul 10.Ø
· Reserve Bank of India announces the auction of three Government of India 91day, 182 day and 364 day Treasury Bills for an aggregate amount ofØ ₹35,000, to be conducted on 22nd July 2020.
· State Governments announced to sell securities by way of an auction to be conducted on 21th July 2020, for an aggregate face value of ₹ 9,000 Cr.Ø
· We expect that RBI will be in wait and watch mood before taking any major decision of rate cut on the back of recent inflation print.Ø
· We expect the 10 year benchmark yield to trade between 5.80-6.05% in near term.Ø
Domestic News
· India’s retail trade has suffered a business loss of about Rs 15.5 lakh crore in past 100 days due to the COVID-19 pandemic as per theØ Confederation of All India Traders (CAIT).
· The Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) from the US to India has crossed the $40 billion mark as on year to date, reflecting the growing confidence ofØ American companies in the country.
· Forex reserves rose by $3.1 billion on a WoW basis to hit a record high of $516.36 billion for the week ended July 10, according to Reserve BankØ of India (RBI).
· According to the latest data released by the Ministry of StatisticsØ & Programme Implementation (MoSPI), India’s retail inflation(CPI) grew to 6.09% in the month of June as against the prior released figure of 5.84 in April for the month of March.
International News
· Hong Kong's April-June unemployment rises to 6.2%, being the highest in over 15 years.Ø
· Japan’s exports plunged 26.2% in June while Imports fell by 14.4% in June on a year on year basis , as per the data released byØ Ministry of Finance (MOF).
· Foreign direct investment (FDI) into China fell 1.3% in the first half of this year from a year earlier to 472.18 billion yuan ($67.47Ø billion)as per China’s commerce ministry.
· Gross domestic product (GDP) of China rose to 3.2% in the second-quarter from a year earlier as per the National Bureau ofØ Statistics, faster than the 2.5% forecast by analysts in a Reuters poll, with the easing of lockdown measures and ramping up of stimulus by policymakers to combat the virus-led downturn.
· US GDP is expected to contract by an annualised rate of 37% in the Q2 2020 and by 6.6%for 2020 as a whole as per theØ International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff.
Link - http://www.karvywealth.com/data/sites/1/skins/karvywealth/Download_media_report.aspx?FileName=B98EB615-C7D5-409D-AFF1-05C92C06DBE4|5234282
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forex reserves
During the week, India’s forex reserves crossed the psychological $500 billion mark. India has come a long way from having just 15 days of imports as forex reserves in 1991 when she had to pledge gold to the Bank of England. Now there is a problem of plenty!
Forex reserves ranking
For the first time since the forex chest began to be recorded, India entered the top-5 in terms of forex reserves. India ranks behind China, Japan, Switzerland and Russia and has overtaken Taiwan, Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia. KSA, at one point of time held over $750 billion in its forex reserves but 5 years of weak oil prices meant that Saudi Arabia has been forced to draw heavily on its forex reserves despite cutting down on many of its welfare outlays. India can hope to overtake Russia soon. China leads the rankings with $3.5 trillion in reserves.
Why are reserves building up?
There are multiple reasons why the forex reserves are building up. Firstly, the sharp fall in oil import bill has brought down the trade deficit by more than 50% on a monthly basis. Secondly, the forex remittances from NRIs have been extremely robust with most of the world markets offering either zero or negative rates of returns. Lastly, RBI intervention in the forex markets has reduced substantially and that has also helped forex reserves build-up.
Know more: http://blog.tradeplusonline.com/stock-market-updates/forex-reserves-india-must-now-put-its-massive-forex-reserves-to-better-use/

The world has become more connected; more people or corporates need to send money abroad for many reasons. If you live and working away from the home, time will definitely come when you have to make transfer to abroad to support your loved ones and other reasons.
Outward Remittance is basically the same as an international money transfer. Many of the sender /customers live overseas and send their hard money to support their loved ones. For example, Parents do a wire transfer to University or their son/daughter’s account for the purpose of their education.
To help them, please visit your nearest branch of Orient exchange or go to the website www.orientexchange.in
Some of the tips to be followed for good convenience:
The right place to Approach
· Telegraphic transfers or process of sending money are made through ADII RBI license holders or banks or money changers.
· Customers should remember that you just can not trust any individuals with the responsibility of sending money.
· Experts recommend choosing a better exchange house /bank that has the international footprint which makes your money transfer easier and secure.
Mode of transfer
You need to choose the option to send money. One is Wire transfer and another is Demand draft. Wire transfer is done via SWIFT i.e. Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications.
A swift transfer is the most secure and standard system which can be done by banks to their correspondents with each other. A demand draft can be sent abroad physically and takes a little bit of time to get cleared. In most of the time remittance will be received by the beneficiary bank in 48 hrs.
Process of application
Primarily, the customer has to send their documents /upload either online or visit the office or request for home verification of KYC and other relevant documents. The requirement of documents may slightly vary with the purpose behind sending the money. There is a limit set by RBI to individuals who remitting money abroad. RBI has placed an annual cap of $ 250000 to the individuals
· Rate fixing: Customer can book their forex rate by paying 2% of the transaction value or they may pay after verification of documents.
· Fees/charges: Many banks are involved in a single outward remittance through the SWIFT network. The customer is liable to pay extra fees. Two to three intermediary banks may handle the transfers so they can add their own charges. In addition to that own bank & receipt bank charges are also included in what you pay.
Duration: Remitter to receiver ‘s account
A swift transfer is transferring money between multiple banks before the funds credited to the seller’s /beneficiary account. This process will be completed from 1 to 5 working days depending on the countries where you transfer.
What details are must for outward remittance transfer?
*Beneficiary Details :
Name of the beneficiary &
Address of the Beneficiary
*Payee Bank details :
1) SWIFT CODE: Swift code is known as Bank ID /SWIFT CODE/Identifier code.
Each financial institution is having its own unique swift code. Swift code usually has 8 to 11 digit or characters.
For Ex: BANK OF AMERICA transfer, SWIFT CODE is “ BOFAUS3N”
2) Beneficiary bank name
3) Beneficiary Bank Address and branch name
4) Beneficiary Bank Account Number
5) Currency wise bank details are additionally required:
i) AED – IBAN
ii) GBP – IBAN, Sort Code
iii) CAD – Transit Number
iv) AUD – BSB Code
v) EUNZD/THB/SEK/SGD – IBAN
Attention on the exchange rate:
Customers always think about the best way to send Wire transfer at a cheap cost.
In the current market scenario, customers should know that most of the banks or money exchangers don’t use the real exchange rate. Instead of that, add more margin on top of live rates. So, customers pay more or beneficiary to receive less. To avoid these hidden charges try using online services that provide you the live /real exchange rates on all wire transfers, Currency Exchange, forex card etc….

COVID-19

1. After the lockdown was imposed, the number of COVID-19 cases has been doubling every six days in India. Before the lockdown, the doubling happened every three days.

Policy

1. RBI slashes reverse repo to 3.75%, hints at a further rate cut. Plans to conduct ₹50,000 crores TLTRO to ease liquidity crunch of NBFCs/MFIs
   
2. RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das on Friday said the country’s foreign exchange reserves have risen nearly $2 billion to $476.5 billion as on April 10. The forex cover will be enough for 11.8 months, or nearly a year, of the country’s imports, he added.
   
3. In February, net FDI was $2.9 billion, compared to $1.9 billion in the year-ago period. PTI
   
4. China’s economy contracted for the first time on record in first quarter. China GDP fell 6.8 percent in Janu­ary-­March year-­on­-year.
   

Polity

1. Govt decision on redefiing SMEs soon: Gadkari. Instead of companies with an annual turnover of up to ₹10 crores, companies with rev­enue of up to ₹250 crores will be termed SMEs, according to the proposal.
   
2. CBIC processes GST refund of ₹575 crores in 15 day
   
3. MSMEs ask for a bigger support package
   

Business

1. Healthcare sector’s loss could touch ₹24,000 cr: FICCI-­EY study
   
2. Discoms may face ₹30,000 ­crore revenue loss
   
3. AMFI estimated gross subscriptions to open-end equity funds at ₹30,109 crores for March 2020, up 21 percent from February and 9 percent from March 2019. It praised retail investors for turning this crisis into opportunity, by committing a record ₹1 lakh crore into equity SIPs in FY20.
   

Hello all, I searched this subreddit before posting this (there is no past discussion on this topic). I'm not clear about the Fxretail platform that has been launched last year (fxretail .co .in) and is promoted by RBI to allow retail investors in the currency market. All the sites I've visited, including news sites, bank sites (of the banks who have tied up with this platform) and the fxretail site itself, don't explain how the trading works and how the settlement works. They just seem to have marketing material saying that any individual who needs forex can now get it at better rates.
I'd be grateful if someone could answer the following question and explain this platform better.

• As a retail investor, I have already had access to currency derivatives through different brokers. Is fxretail just real time trading in currency pairs with INR (as opposed to derivatives)?
• How does settlement work?
  • If I place a buy order for something like USD 1000 at some rate and my trade gets matched with a seller and gets executed, do I now get USD 1000? Where do I get it and where is it stored (is there a separate currency account for it, similar to demat for stocks)? Can I convert it to physical notes or travelers checks?
  • (This seems very unlikely) Or does it work like day trading in the stock markets where every buy or sell will be squared off (manually or by the system) and the settlement will be the difference of these trades in cash (like how stock and currency futures work here)?
• Is there a way to buy currency through this platform and use that for the allowed purposes by RBI via LRS? If yes, how exactly would that work?

Please add on as you deem fit. Immediately below are those that seem necessary to me.
1) Real Fiscal Deficit Numbers: The fiscal deficit number and target shared in the budget presentation did not take into account independent lending by govt orgs such as,
Food Corporation of India: Has been borrowing for the last 3 years. Has not been paid by the govt during this time. While FCI has released some figures, what is the total amount it has borrowed?
Same with orgs such as NABARD, PFC, Fertilizer corp, and so many other that we don't even know about.
2) Real financial state of orgs like LIC, National Small Savings Fund: These are the orgs that fund the loans of the govt as well as Food Corp, Fertilizer Corp etc.
What do their respective balance sheets truly look like? How much money did LIC really lend to banks and NBFIs over the years, that is now considered NPA?
3) RBI related questions:
As the RBI had increased SLR (CRR for that matter) requirements for commercial banks, and policy dictated that (public) banks store that money in govt securities; can the govt tell us how much this total amount is? And why it forces banks to behave this way?
And more broadly, does the govt understand that forcing banks to park their money this way, and simultaneously crowding out private lending by taking such huge loans from govt orgs and banks; is an important part of why successive RBI interest cuts have no meaningful impact in reducing commercial rate for lending?
4) Another RBI question: The RBI continues to build up its forex reserves. (approx $471 Billion as of last week); even though multiple experts (including some RBI folk) have said that beyond a point, trying to use reserves to stem a money outflow will be futile. Many have said that around 450 billion is already beyond sufficient in our current situation.
And, not allowing for natural adjustment/strengthening of the Rupee right now may lead to risky situations if the global outlook does turn negative. Rupee continues to be a Last Money In, First Money Out segment for more foreign investors, and is the govt prepared to risk a SE Asia-like currency crises, just so that the RBI has more reserves, a part of which the govt can quietly gobble up?

To elaborate on this, our lovely Reserve Bank of India has put forth certain dumb as shit rules on services like Paypal, that Indian users of Paypal cannot hold balance in their Paypal accounts. Whenever a person receives money in their account, it will be auto-withdrawn at around 5 AM in the next morning, regardless of you wanting to do it or not. This leads to you having to accept the conversion rates whatever they be, at that point of time, regardless of you having a good deal or bad.
I've been providing my animation services for indie game developers online since I'm a freelancing 3D animator. This arm-twisting by the RBI is really starting to pinch me in the stomach, and I'd like to know if there are any real solutions or workaround to this issue at all.
For more details, kindly read up about it here - https://www.paypal.com/in/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=xpt/FinancialInstrument/popup/LearnMoreWithdrawal

Individuals exchange money for various purposes. Do you have to exchange currency for an abroad trip you have quite recently arranged or for education purposes? You may likewise require Forex exchange for reemitting an amount for urgent purposes abroad. Whatever be the explanation, it is imperative to know how you can exchange currency without any hiccups.
Banks, Moneychangers, Airport stands, and online Forex sites can help with foreign currency exchange in bangalore . From these choices, online sites give you the best rates and are totally adaptable. Online currency exchange sites give you incredible highlights and save on your time. You can just simply type 'foreign exchange near me' with the choice of your preferred area to discover a Forex exchange site.
Exchange stages accessible
By visiting a Bank, get your currency exchanged. You'll have to pay charges on exchange from the Bank. What's more, the rate of exchange is fixed by the Bank as it isn't updated on an hourly basis. It can be a costly deal on exchanging currency from the Bank.
Moneychangers offer you great deals on the adaptable exchange of cash but again you need to pay the cost of exchange. The approved RBI moneychangers do charge more for money exchange in bangalore.
The most feasible way to exchange is maybe through online stages. Online Forex sites offer complete convenience on currency exchange in bangalore . A site like Bookmyforex.com offers you the best exchange rates that are updated at regular intervals. You'll get the advantage of freezing the rate for three days by paying a upfront charge of 2%. When you choose a rate, feel free to buy Forex. You'll likewise get the advantage of home delivery through the site. That will save money and efforts both.
Get the best Currency Exchange on the web
Online currency exchange sites provide you with included advantages for exchange. If you are planning to travel aboard, buy a Forex card that is preloaded with the currency of that spot. A Forex card can be reloaded at that time when you are having short of currency with you. Most Forex sites also offer traveler's cheque.
It is issued in the currency of the place you are heading to. An online webpage like Bookmyforex.com offers you rate advantage too. Set a notification on the site with respect to your exchange rate. You'll get a notice or email when the rate is near to your desired set rate. The money you save on exchange can be used on your trip for shopping, so consider it.
Online Exchange ways,
If you are still thinking 'where is money exchange near me', at that point head to online webpage Bookmyforex.com. The site gives services to more than 650 cities of India and partners with more than 5000 channels including Banks and authorized moneychangers.
Exchanging money has never been this simple. There are no hidden fees or charges to be paid on exchange. The site additionally offers the best customers assistance and referral plans that will assist you with getting some fast rewards on currency exchange.
In spite of the fact that there are numerous approaches to exchange currency, online Forex sites are just a click away. The site offers transparent services so you can expect nothing only the best.

Delhi being the capital of India has always been the hub for foreign exchange. Due to National and International tourism activity, the foreign exchange demand in Delhi is always high. Banks offer a rate that is constant on foreign exchange. But, online sites update the rates depending on market trends. Do you know the dollar rate today in Delhi? Well, its easier to check the rate from the site Bookmyforex.com.
The dollar rate in Delhi is updated every three seconds on the site. In no time, you can freeze the rate of your choice and get your money exchanged. Dollar rates today in Delhi also depend on demand and supply. Though the demand for exchange is high, it also depends on the person who needs to exchange currency for a purpose.
Why you should choose an online Forex site for exchange?
Today dollar rate in Delhi may change depending on live market rate feed. If you need to exchange currency from INR to USD, then an online site like Bookmyforex.com offers you the best features. You'll get the lowest exchange rate guarantee from the site along with the rate alert feature.
A rate alert feature sends you a notification when the rate is near your desired rate. You'll be able to book your exchange order according to the exact dollar rate in Delhi. The process is flexible and transparent.
The online site also offers you a rate freeze feature option. Suppose you come across a low dollar rate today in Delhi. You'll be able to freeze the rate for three days. You'll be able to use the same rate you freeze for three days for an exchange. This ensures that you have a safe and secure transaction execution. For people who stay in Delhi, its actually time saving because the order is home delivered by Bookmyforex.com
Get the best dollar rate in Delhi
You can simply log on to Bookmyforex.com and enter your location to get the dollar rate today in Delhi. The exchange rates online will help you with your Forex transactions. But the rates do not remain constant. They fluctuate and the site updates it every three seconds.
You need to make an early booking if you want to exchange your currency at a low rate possible. Irrespective of your location or place in Delhi, you can book a rate and order Forex online. This saves on your effort of manually finding the rate or going to moneychangers for rate and exchange.
The many benefits to choosing an online Forex site
Bookmyforex.com offers you the best rates that are better than banks and moneychangers. The live rates are transparent and competitive. With the same-day delivery feature, you'll be able to receive your order on the same day.
Bookmyforex.com offers you best customer support, if you are stuck with any issue regarding Forex order online, you can contact the support team. On regular booking of exchange orders, the site provides loyalty ad referral benefits. You can earn money by referring your friends and family for an exchange order in Delhi.
Buying exchange
Forex rates are live on Bookmyforex.com. After checking today's dollar rate in Delhi, you can buy or sell USD on a similar live rate. The site features only authorized RBI vendors so it ensures complete quality check upon your booking.
The site offers free home delivery orders above 50,000, so you can book your order from home or office and get it delivered in no time. Foreign exchange in Delhi is easier with online features offered by the site. You can also use a Forex card for exchange. A Forex card is a preloaded cash card with currency of the particular place you are visiting. It also reloads the card with no added fees.
Get the best deal,
The Dollar rate in Delhi is never constant and fluctuates according to the economy. Online sites provide you complete expediency so that you get a fair rate advantage on the exchange deal you choose. Get your exchange from the comfort of your home in Delhi, just log on to the site Bookmyforex.com.

Banks, Moneychangers, Airport kiosks, and online Forex sites can help with currency exchange in India. From these options, online sites provide you with the best rates and are completely flexible. Online currency exchange sites provide you great features and save on your time. You can simply exchange currency near you with the option of your preferred location.
Exchange platforms available

• By visiting a Bank, get your currency exchanged. You'll need to pay charges on exchange from the Bank. And, the rate of exchange is fixed by the Bank as it is not updated on an hourly basis. It can be an expensive deal exchanging currency from the Bank.
• Moneychangers offer you good deals on the flexible exchange of currency but again you have to pay the price for exchange. The authorized RBI moneychangers do charge more for currency exchange in India.
• On reaching the place or destination, you can use Airport kiosks for exchange. You'll have to shell out extra as there is a charge on exchange with this option as well.
• The most feasible way to exchange is perhaps through online platforms. Online Forex sites offer complete expediency on foreign currency exchange in India. A site like Bookmyforex.com offers you the best exchange rates that are updated every five seconds. You'll get the benefit of freezing the rate for three days by paying an upfront charge of 2%. Once you choose a rate, go ahead and buy Forex. You'll also get the benefit of home delivery through the site. That'll save on time and effort both.

Get the best currency exchange online

• Online currency exchange sites provide you with added benefits for exchange. If you are planning to travel aboard, buy a Forex card that is preloaded with the currency of that place. A Forex card can be reloaded if you are short of currency. Most Forex sites also offer traveler's cheque.
  
• It is issued in the currency of the place you are heading to. An online site like Bookmyforex.com offers you rate advantage as well. Set a notification on the site regarding your exchange rate. You'll receive a notification or email when the rate is near your desired set rate. The money you save on exchange can be utilized on your trip for shopping, so think about it.
  

The exchange ways,
If you are still wondering 'where is currency exchange near me', then head to online site Bookmyforex.com. The site provides services to more than 650 cities of India and partners with more than 5000 channels including Banks and authorized moneychangers.
Exchanging money has never been this simple. There are no hidden fees or charges to be paid on exchange. The site also offers the best customer service and referral plans that'll help you get some quick rewards on currency exchange.
Though there are many ways to exchange currency, online Forex sites are just a click away. The site offers transparent services so you can expect nothing but the best.

Public sector banks will embark on second round of 2-day bottom-up ideation exercise beginning Thursday for further streamlining the banking sector to help the nation become a USD 5 trillion economy in 5 years. The second leg of the month-long campaign will be inter-bank and will be held at state-level as per the direction of Department of Financial Services, Ministry of Finance. The first round was focussed at branch level and suggestions and ideas received from there will now be discussed at the state level from tomorrow, official sources said.
-Economic Times
Members of the RBI's Monetary Policy Committee at its rate review held on 7 August have agreed that supporting growth will remain their top priority in the midst of inflation remaining stable within the next 1 year, according to the minutes of the meeting released on today.
-Livemint
The Banks Board Bureau has invited applications for the post of MD & CEO in 4 leading PSBs — Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Punjab National Bank and Canara Bank.
-Moneycontrol.com
The IL&FS had not disclosed any NPAs for the last 4 years, the RBI has said in a report. The report is based on inspection of IL&FS and IFIN and this has been conveyed by the new board of the IL&FS to the NCLT.
-Economic Times
SBI is planning to establish nearly 10 lakh YONO Cash Points in the country over 18 months, said its Chairman Rajnish Kumar today. The platform is secure and will eliminate the requirement of using debit cards, Kumar said.
-Business Line
BookMyForex.com, a marketplace for foreign exchange and remittances, has partnered with YES Bank to launch a co-branded multi-currency forex travel card for Indian overseas travellers. BookMyForex will offer zero margin or exact inter-bank rates 24x7 on forex card sales.
-Business Line
SEBI today provided more teeth to rating agencies by allowing them to obtain details of borrowings and defaults by companies. It also announced rewards for whistle blowers and approved changes in norms prohibiting insider trading.
-Economic Times
SBI Cards and Payment Services Pvt. Ltd, the credit card subsidiary of SBI, invited investment banks and lawyers to act as advisers for its proposed IPO.
-Moneycontrol.com
The finance ministry has initiated a review of India’s free trade agreement framework to assess the impact of such pacts on the overall economy. The view has been gaining ground among policymakers and industry that these free trade agreements (FTAs) brought little tangible benefit to India, while helping the partner country.
-Economic Times
IL&FS has informed NCLT that in contravention of a NCLAT order, banks have debited about Rs 759 crore in the last 8 months for repayment on their dues which amounts to coercive creditor action.
-Economic Times
Parle Products Pvt Ltd, a leading biscuit maker, might layoff up to 10,000 workers as slowing economic growth and falling demand in the rural heartland could cause production cuts, a Co executive said today.
-Business Line
The probe by the Enforcment Directorate in the money laundering case, involving former finance minister P Chidambaram, has been enlarged. It suspects his role in granting alleged illegal Foreign Investment Promotion Board clearances to at least four more business deals, apart from INX Media and Aircel-Maxis, and receiving multi-crore kickbacks through multiple shell firms, official sources said today. The CBI has issued a Look Out Circular P Chidambaram to prevent him from leaving the country, officials said.
-Business Line
USD/INR 71.55
SENSEX 37060.37(-267.64)
NIFTY50 10918.70 (-98.30)

 -#210819 

The Central Government has been holding meetings with Asian Development Bank, World Bank, and German state-owned development bank KfW for access to low-cost capital to Indian MSMEs, according to MSME minister Nitin Gadkari. The comments gain significance as lack of capital is the biggest challenge for the growth of MSMEs.
-Financial Express
The RBI today asked banks to link all new floating-rate loans for housing, personal and MSMEs to external benchmark based interest rate from 1 Oct, in a bid to allow faster transmission of its rate cuts to consumers. It has been observed that due to various reasons, the transmission of policy rate changes to the lending rate of banks under the current MCLR framework has not been satisfactory, the RBI said in a statement.
-Livemint
PSBs can now create Chief General Manager (CGM) posts as per their business needs. The Department of Financial Services (DFS) in the Finance Ministry granted the flexibility to all nationalised banks. CGM posts (in a fresh scale termed as scale VIII) can be created (with Board approval) in nationalised banks that have total business of ₹10 lakh crore or higher, sources said. Such CGMs will act as an administrative and functional layer between the existing levels of General Manager and Executive Director. The number of CGM posts created should not exceed the ratio of 1:4 between the total number of posts of CGM and GM.
-Budiness Line
The RBI-constituted task-force on developing a vibrant secondary market for corporate loans has called for setting up a central loan contract registry to remove information asymmetries between buyers and sellers. The 6-member task force, headed by Canara Bank chairman TN Manoharan, was formed to examine the scope for developing a secondary market for corporate loans and make recommendations to facilitate rapid development of such a vibrant market.
-Business Standard
Global rating agency Moody's on September 4 upgraded the outlook on Punjab National Bank, which will merge OBC and United Bank of India with itself, to 'positive' from 'stable'. It also affirmed the local and foreign currency deposit ratings of Canara Bank, OBC, Syndicate Bank and Union Bank at Baa3/P-3.
-Moneycontrol.com
Canara Bank today said its board will meet next week to consider capital infusion of up to Rs 9,000 crore through issuance of preferential equity shares to the government of India. The board will also consider amalgamation of Syndicate Bank with it, the Bank said in a regulatory filing.
-Moneycontrol.com
HR integration will be the top priority in the merger of Syndicate Bank with Canara Bank and branch rationalisation would be looked at only after all aspects of integration are completek, . Syndicate Bank’s MD & CEO Mrutyunjay Mahapatra said. He saidthat the merger process will not slow down business.
-Economic Times
Canara Bank MD & CEO R A Sankara Narayanan, told that there would not be any loss of employment after merger. He had also confirmed that both the banks will stick to business projections and have a dedicated team to focus on integration without affecting normal business.
-Economic Times
LIC, that has seen its investment in IDBI Bank erode by more than half over the past year or so, has also seen the value of its investments in other PSU banks plunge. The sharp fall in the price of PSU bank stocks and dilution of its stake owing to capital infusion by the government, has eroded its wealth in these banks. LIC has lost over Rs 17,000 crore of its wealth in PSBs over the past year. Excluding IDBI Bank, it has lost over ₹4,800 crore in other PSBs.
-Business Line
ICICI Bank has cut its lending rates by 0.10% across all maturities, sources said on Sep 4. Under the revised rates, effective Sep 1, the bank's 1-year MCLR will come down to 8.55%, while the overnight MCLR will be 8.30%.
-Moneycontrol.com
Bank of Baroda will raise up to Rs 1,132.05 crore by issuing fresh shares to its staff under the Employee Share Purchase Scheme (ESPS), the bank said. Bank of Baroda will raise up to Rs 1,132.05 crore by issuing fresh shares to its staff under the ESPS, the bank said. The decision was taken by the compensation committee of the board at its meeting held on Tuesday, the bank said in a regulatory filing. decision was taken by the compensation committee of the board at its meeting held on Tuesday, the bank said in a regulatory filing.
-Moneycontrol.com
YES Bank has settled a case pertaining to ‘selective disclosure’ of assets quality with market regulator SEBI. The Bank settled the matter under the so-called consent mechanism paying Rs 51.6 lakh as settlement charges. Yes Bank’s compliance officer Shivanand Shettigar paid another Rs 14.45 lakh as settlement charges in the same matter.
-Business Standard
Wipro has received a long-term $300 million contract from ICICI Bank to provide digital technology led services. The Co said in a filing to the BSE that it has secured a strategic 7-year engagement from the bank.
-Economic Times
Digital payments saw significant growth in August, with the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and IMPS touching record highs in terms of both volumes and number of transactions, while payments on BHIM also rose to a 10-month high.
-Business Line
Rating agency CRISIL today cut India’s fiscal year 2020 GDP growthforecast to 6.3% from its earlier forecast of 6.9%, after the economy grew 5% in the first quarter, it’s slowest in almost 6 years. The agency said that lower GDP growth forecast corroborates that India’s economic slowdown is deeper and more broad-based than suspected.
-Economic Times
Even as gross NPA are expected to come down marginally by end of ongoing fiscal, assets over Rs 1 lakh crore that are under pressure are still to be recognised as bad loans, a report by ASSOCHAM- CRISIL said.
-Financial Express
BSNL is monetising land assets to improve revenue while cutting operational costs in the absence of revival package from the government, according to chairman Pravin Kumar Purwar. The telco is looking at cutting its workforce by nearly half once the Centre approves its much-awaited voluntary retirement scheme, Purwar told.
-Economic Times
Rising gold prices have prompted the RBI to apply the brakes to its purchase of the metal as a forex reserve asset. After the last offtake of 5.6 tonnes this April, the apex bank has not made any fresh purchases. According to the data from the International Monetary Fund's International Financial Statistics (IFS), RBI has been holding 618 tonnes of gold as part of its forex reserves since April this year.
-Business Standard
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The Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC) of the RBI on Friday reviewed recent developments in global and domestic economies and deliberated upon revisiting some existing laws to detect early warnings of instability. The FSDC Sub-Committee discussed measures to promote interest and competition in stressed asset markets, enhance the scope of Legal Entity Identifier to more effectively monitor group exposures and issues relating to credit rating agencies and audit quality.
-Economic Times
Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman in a press briefing today mandated the central public sector enterprises to pay outstanding dues to dealers and vendors by Oct 15. Sitharaman said that beyond that no excuses will be heard.
-Economic Times
The RBI has put Lakshmi Vilas Bank under prompt corrective action framework due to high bad loans and insufficient capital.
-Business Line
The Punjab and Maharashtra Co-operative (PMC) Bank has an exposure of ₹2,500 crore to real estate developer HDIL, which had stopped servicing it for the past 3 years or so, the bank’s former MD & CEO Joy Thomas admitted.
-Business Line
Lakshmi Vilas Bank today said it has got shareholders' approval to raise up to Rs 1,000 crore by issuance of securities. The resolution to raise funds by issuance of securities, including American Depository Receipt (ADR) and Global Depository Receipt (GDR), was approved by shareholders in the annual general meeting held on September 27, it said in a regulatory filing.
-Business Standard
Financially stressed Dewan Housing Finance Corporation Ltd (DHFL) said 2.3% of each category of lenders' debt exposure to it will be converted into equity at an assumed price of Rs 54 per equity share, as per the Corporation's proposed resolution plan.
-Business Line
The Ministry of Finance, in a notification dated September 28, 2019, announced that it has extended the deadline to link PAN with Aadhaar to December 31, 2019. Earlier this deadline was September 30, 2019.
-Economic Times
The Delhi High Court, Yesterday decided to examine the allegations, in a PIL by an NGO, of financial irregularities, siphoning of funds and other violations against the promoters of Indiabulls Housing Finance Ltd (IBHFL). The bench issued notice to the central government, the RBI and Indiabulls seeking their stand on the petition filed by an NGO.
-Economic Times
India's forex reserves declined by $388 million to $428.572 billion for the week ended September 20 due to a slide in core currency and gold assets, the Reserve Bank said on Friday. The overall reserves had declined by $649 million to $428.960 billion in the previous reporting week. They had touched a life-time high of $430.572 billion in August this year.
-Moneycontrol.com

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